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最近大庆学为贵雅思名师Zoey老师发现一些同学干劲十足的在练习新到手的《剑12》，但是大家在练习的过程中切记不可操之过急。

大庆学为贵雅思名师Zoey老师认为，还有很多考生的基础是还不具备完成剑12的。很多的考生在对完答案之后，仍然不知道自己错在什么地方。更有同学对完答案后，依然不知道文章在说些什么。

对于以上的情况，大家其实不用太担心以为，今天大庆学为贵雅思名师Zoey老师就来为大家提供剑12独家翻译啦~今天的内容是Test 5 Passage 1的上半部分。

想要提高阅读速度与理解能力的同学，可以跟着大庆学为贵雅思名师Zoey老师一起翻译文章，然后来对答案喔！

Cork 软木橡树

Cork – the thick bark of the cork oak tree (Quercus suber) – is a remarkable material. It is tough, elastic, buoyant, and fire-resistant, and suitable for a wide range of purposes. It has also been used for millennia: the ancient Egyptians sealed their sarcophagi (stone coffins) with cork, while the ancient Greeks and Romans used it for anything from beehives to sandals.

软木——软木橡树（栎属软木）的厚树皮——是一种非凡的材料。它是结实的、有弹性的、能浮起的和耐火的，并且适用于很多目的。还有，它已经被使用了数千年：古埃及用软木密封他们的石棺，而古希腊人和罗马人用它做任何事情（从蜂房到凉鞋）。

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And the cork oak itself is an extraordinary tree. Its bark grows up to 20cm in thickness, insulating the tree like a coat wrapped around the trunk and branches and keeping the inside at a constant 20 °C all year round. Developed most probably as a defence against forest fires, the bark of the cork oak has a particular cellular structure – with about 40 million cells per cubic centimeter – that technology has never succeeded in replicating. The cells are filled with air, which is why cork is so buoyant. It also has an elasticity that means you can squash it and watch it spring back to its original size and shape when you release the pressure.

而且软木橡树本身是一种非凡的树。它的树皮长到高达20cm的厚度，将树隔离开就像一件棉袄（它被裹在树干和树枝上）并且把里面全年保持在稳定的20度。最有可能被作为林火的防御发展，软木橡树的树皮有一层特别的细胞结构——每立法厘米有大约4千万个细胞——（这个细胞结构）科技从来没有成功复制。这些细胞被空气填满，这就是为什么橡树那么容易浮上水面。它还有一种弹性，这意味着你可以挤压它，并看着它回弹到它原来的尺寸和形状，当你释放压力的时候。

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Cork oaks grow in a number of Mediterranean countries, including Portugal, Spain, Italy, Greece and Morocco. They flourish in warm, sunny climates where there is a minimum of 400millimetersof rain per year, and not more than 800millimeters. Like grape vines, the trees thrive in poor soil, putting down deep roots in search of moisture and nutrients. Southern Portugal’s Alentejo region meets all of these requirements, which explains why, by the early 20th century, this region had become the world’s largest producer of cork, and why today it accounts for roughly half of all cork production around the world.

软木橡树在许多地中海国家生长，包括葡萄牙、西班牙、意大利、希腊和摩洛哥。它们在温暖、艳阳高照的气候（这里有每年最低400毫米、最高800毫米的雨量）里茂盛生长。就像葡萄藤一样，这些树在贫瘠的土地茂密生长，它们把放下深根去寻找水分和营养。南葡萄牙的阿连特茄地区满足所有这些条件，这解释了为什么，到20世纪早期，这个区域已经变成了世界上最大的橡树生产商，并且为什么今天它今天占了大概世界上所有橡树生产量的50%。

Most cork forests are family-owned. Many of these family businesses, and indeed many of the trees themselves, are around 200 years old. Cork production is, above all, an exercise in patience. From the planting of a cork sapling to the first harvest takes 25 years, and a gap of approximately a decade must separate harvests from an individual tree. And for top-quality cork, it’s necessary to wait a further 15 or 20 years. You even have to wait for the right kind of summer’s day to harvest cork. If the bark is stripped on a day when it’s too cold – or when the air is damp – the tree will be damaged.

大部分橡树森林是家庭拥有的。这些家族企业的许多还有这些树本身，都有接近200年的年纪。橡树生产，首先，是一个需要耐心的练习。从橡树树苗的种植到第一次收成需要25年，同时，一棵树的下一次收成需要一个大约10年的间隙。为了最高质量的橡树，必须等待更长的15或20年。你甚至需要等到一个正确的夏日去收割橡树。如果树皮在一个日子（这一天太冷或空气潮湿）被剥去，这棵树会被损坏。

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